Self-reported characteristics of First Nations, Métis Inuit and non-Indigenous females of reproductive age who participated in the Canadian Community Health Survey, 2015 to 2020
| Characteristic | No. (weighted %)* of First Nations females n = 2902 | No. (weighted %)* of Métis females n = 2345 | No. (weighted %)* of Inuit females n = 742 | No. (weighted %)* of non-Indigenous females n = 74 760 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weighted,n | 209 200 | 191 000 | 16 100 | 9 344 600 |
| Sociodemographics | ||||
| Age, yr, mean ± SD | 33.6 ± 0.4 | 34.3 ± 0.4 | 33.7 ± 0.7 | 35.9 ± 0.0 |
| Age group, yr | ||||
| 15–19 | 376 (13.8) | 298 (12.7) | 103 (14.1) | 7296 (9.8) |
| 20–24 | 332 (12.5) | 237 (13.4) | 95 (12.5)** | 5974 (10.4) |
| 25–29 | 437 (15.1) | 314 (12.9) | 113 (13.2) | 8372 (12.2) |
| 30–34 | 448 (15.4) | 318 (15.2) | 132 (16.0)** | 11 038 (14.6) |
| 35–39 | 313 (10.4) | 291 (10.2) | 104 (10.3) | 10 291 (12.3) |
| 40–44 | 297 (9.2) | 271 (11.0) | 72 (10.4)** | 9626 (12.1) |
| 45–49 | 273 (10.9) | 237 (10.6) | 58 (12.5)** | 9095 (12.8) |
| 50–55 | 426 (12.8) | 379 (14.1) | 65 (11.0)** | 13 068 (15.7) |
| Region | ||||
| Territories | 344 (2.7) | 88 (0.7) | 614 (56.5) | 1205 (0.2) |
| British Columbia | 421 (17.8) | 322 (15.5) | –†† | 9591 (13.0) |
| Prairies | 860 (27.3) | 1053 (43.5) | 15 (6.2)** | 16 214 (17.9) |
| Ontario | 693 (32.8) | 475 (25.7) | 15 (6.6)** | 23 288 (40.3) |
| Quebec | 169 (8.4) | 204 (8.5) | –†† | 16 268 (22.5) |
| Atlantic | 415 (10.9) | 203 (6.1) | 75 (19.5)** | 8194 (6.1) |
| Region type† | ||||
| Urban | 2050 (79.6) | 1581 (75.4) | 367 (60.0) | 57 052 (85.3) |
| Rural | 177 (6.8) | 173 (7.3) | –†† | 6092 (6.3) |
| Remote | 675 (13.5) | 591 (17.3) | –†† | 11 616 (8.5) |
| Education | ||||
| Less than high school | 751 (23.0) | 446 (16.2) | 357 (37.7) | 8783 (9.9) |
| High school | 778 (27.7) | 630 (30.2) | 126 (21.2) | 15 095 (20.7) |
| Some postsecondary | 1340 (49.3) | 1246 (53.5) | 248 (41.1) | 50 300 (69.4) |
| Total household income, $ | ||||
| < 20 000 | 463 (12.7) | 270 (7.9) | 102 (10.2) | 4723 (5.0) |
| 20 000 to < 40 000 | 665 (21.0) | 400 (14.9) | 152 (16.3) | 9207 (10.6) |
| 40 000 to < 60 000 | 464 (14.6) | 324 (13.0) | 143 (21.4) | 10 550 (13.2) |
| 60 000 to < 80 000 | 338 (12.2) | 285 (12.2) | 89 (10.4)** | 10 440 (13.5) |
| ≥ 80 000 | 963 (39.5) | 1057 (52.1) | 253 (41.7) | 39 655 (57.8) |
| Racial or cultural background | ||||
| White only | – | – | – | 60 789 (70.7) |
| South Asian only | – | – | – | 2353 (6.3) |
| Chinese only | – | – | – | 2392 (5.1) |
| Black only | – | – | – | 1825 (3.8) |
| Filipino only | – | – | – | 1416 (3.0) |
| Latin American only | – | – | – | 940 (1.9) |
| Arab only | – | – | – | 789 (1.9) |
| Southeast Asian only | – | – | – | 601 (1.5) |
| West Asian only | – | – | – | 354 (0.9) |
| Korean only | – | – | – | 262 (0.5) |
| Japanese only | – | – | – | 150 (0.3) |
| Other (unspecified) | – | – | – | 709 (1.4) |
| Multiple | – | – | – | 1473 (2.8) |
| Pregnancy | ||||
| Currently pregnant | 96 (4.2) | 75 (3.6) | 34 (2.5)** | 2083 (2.9) |
| Recently pregnant (≤ 12 month) | 110 (3.1) | 92 (3.2)** | 66 (7.0)** | 2375 (2.9) |
| Currently breastfeeding | 73 (1.8) | 58 (2.6)** | 71 (5.8)** | 2069 (2.7) |
| Health and well-being | ||||
| Self-reported health | ||||
| Poor | 109 (3.5) | 120 (4.6)** | 26 (3.4)** | 1693 (1.8) |
| Fair | 392 (13.2) | 292 (12.0) | 81 (9.0)** | 5072 (6.1) |
| Good | 977 (33.3) | 693 (29.6) | 318 (34.9) | 19 281 (26.1) |
| Very good | 956 (33.9) | 844 (34.6) | 201 (34.4) | 29 779 (39.8) |
| Excellent | 464 (16.1) | 394 (19.2) | 113 (18.3) | 18 881 (26.2) |
| Self-reported mental health | ||||
| Poor | 125 (4.7) | 97 (4.0)** | 16 (1.1)** | 1510 (1.9) |
| Fair | 369 (14.5) | 307 (14.0) | 77 (12.2)** | 5733 (7.6) |
| Good | 894 (32.0) | 677 (30.1) | 305 (38.8) | 18 833 (25.9) |
| Very good | 890 (30.6) | 766 (31.3) | 196 (30.3) | 27 947 (37.3) |
| Excellent | 583 (18.3) | 480 (20.6) | 137 (17.5) | 19 957 (27.3) |
| Cigarette smoking status‡ | ||||
| Daily | 839 (25.1) | 645 (23.8) | 466 (51.8) | 9254 (9.1) |
| Occasionally | 330 (10.4) | 178 (7.9) | 64 (11.4)** | 3519 (4.6) |
| Not at all | 1733 (64.5) | 1522 (68.3) | 211 (36.7) | 61 966 (86.3) |
| Alcohol use in past 12 months | ||||
| At least once a month | 1538 (53.4) | 1373 (61.6) | 312 (45.9) | 44 729 (57.8) |
| Less than once a month | 745 (25.9) | 610 (23.7) | 204 (28.2) | 15 721 (19.6) |
| Not at all | 607 (20.6) | 354 (14.7) | 222 (25.9) | 14 111 (22.5) |
| Diagnosed chronic disease(s)§ | ||||
| Diabetes | 186 (5.1) | 115 (3.9) | 14 (1.4)** | 2277 (2.8) |
| Hypertension | 281 (8.7) | 223 (8.7) | 60 (8.2)** | 5166 (6.2) |
| Asthma | 401 (15.7) | 375 (18.7) | 54 (9.6)** | 7637 (9.4) |
| Mood or anxiety disorders | 911 (34.4) | 798 (34.4) | 150 (24.3) | 15 081 (18.1) |
| Multimorbidity¶ | 262 (8.3) | 222 (8.5) | 29 (5.3)** | 3370 (3.6) |
Note: SD = standard deviation.
↵* Unless otherwise specified.
↵† An area with a population of ≥ 1000 and a population density of ≥ 400 residents per km2 is defined as urban; otherwise, the area is defined as rural. A rural area outside of a Census metropolitan area or Census agglomeration, and therefore not linked to an urban centre based on commuting flows, is defined as remote.
↵‡ This question does not include natural tobacco, which is sacred in many Indigenous cultures and is used in rituals, ceremonies and prayer, for its spiritual significance.
↵§ Chosen based on risk for adverse maternal, pregnancy and neonatal outcomes.
↵¶ Based on the Public Health Agency of Canada definition of 3 or more from the following chronic diseases: diabetes, hypertension, asthma, mood or anxiety disorders, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (available only for those aged ≥ 35 yr), arthritis, heart disease, stroke, cancer, Alzheimer disease and related dementias.
↵** This estimate has a coefficient of variation > 15% and ≤ 35% which, according to Statistics Canada release guidelines, represents high sampling variability; use with caution.
↵†† This estimate has a coefficient of variation > 35%, which, according to Statistics Canada release guidelines, is too unreliable to be published.