Primary care variables predicting use of emergency department, overall and by patient baseline characteristics*
| Interaction | IRR (95% CI) |
|---|---|
| Overall | |
| Affiliation with a primary physician | |
| None v. family physician | 1.12 (1.07–1.17) |
| None v. specialist | 1.08 (1.03–1.14) |
| Specialist v. family physician | 1.03 (1.00–1.06) |
| Continuity of care with a family physician† | |
| Low v. high | 1.00 (0.97–1.03) |
| Medium v. high | 1.00 (0.97–1.02) |
| Complete annual examinations with a family physician, no. | |
| 0 v. 2 | 1.23 (1.19–1.27) |
| 1 v. 2 | 1.10 (1.07–1.14) |
| Continuity of care with a specialist† | |
| Low v. high | 1.17 (1.07–1.28) |
| Medium v. high | 1.10 (1.01–1.18) |
| Age, 18–64 yr | |
| Affiliation with a primary physician | |
| None v. family physician | 1.11 (1.05–1.16) |
| None v. specialist | 1.10 (1.04–1.17) |
| Specialist v. family physician | 1.00 (0.97–1.04) |
| Age, ≥ 65 yr | |
| Affiliation with a primary physician | |
| None v. family physician | 1.26 (1.18–1.34) |
| None v. specialist | 1.11 (1.04–1.19) |
| Specialist v. family physician | 1.13 (1.09–1.17) |
| Visits to physicians during baseline, 3–24 | |
| Continuity of care with a family physician† | |
| Low v. high | 0.98 (0.95–1.01) |
| Medium v. high | 0.99 (0.96–1.02) |
| Visits to physicians during baseline, ≥ 25 | |
| Continuity of care with a family physician† | |
| Low v. high | 1.17 (1.07–1.28) |
| Medium v. high | 1.13 (1.04–1.24) |
| No or low comorbidity score‡ | |
| Continuity of care with a specialist† | |
| Low v. high | 1.10 (0.96–1.27) |
| Medium v. high | 1.10 (1.00–1.22) |
| Medium comorbidity score‡ | |
| Continuity of care with a specialist† | |
| Low v. high | 1.48 (1.22–1.79) |
| Medium v. high | 1.28 (1.08–1.51) |
| High comorbidity score‡ | |
| Continuity of care with a specialist† | |
| Low v. high | 0.98 (0.80–1.21) |
| Medium v. high | 0.93 (0.77–1.13) |
| Time spent in hospital, 0 d | |
| Continuity of care with a specialist† | |
| Low v. high | 1.11 (0.99–1.25) |
| Medium v. high | 1.08 (0.98–1.18) |
| Time spent in hospital, 1–3 d | |
| Continuity of care with a specialist† | |
| Low v. high | 1.75 (1.33–2.30) |
| Medium v. high | 1.31 (1.05–1.65) |
| Time spent in hospital, ≥ 4 d | |
| Continuity of care with a specialist† | |
| Low v. high | 1.11 (0.90–1.37) |
| Medium v. high | 1.05 (0.87–1.27) |