Intervention | EULAR34 | ACR35 | AAOS36 | NICE37 | OARSI38 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Acetaminophen | Beneficial in some instances | Beneficial in some instances | Uncertain | Recommend | Recommend |
Oral NSAIDs | Beneficial in some instances | Beneficial in some instances | Recommend | Recommend | Recommend |
Topical NSAIDs | Beneficial in some instances | Beneficial in some instances | Recommend | Recommend | Recommend |
Opioids | Beneficial in some instances | Uncertain | Uncertain | Uncertain | Uncertain |
Intra-articular corticosteroids | Beneficial in some instances | Beneficial in some instances | Uncertain | Recommend | Recommend |
Intra-articular hyaluronic acid | Beneficial in some instances | Uncertain | Not recommended | Not recommended | Uncertain |
Acupuncture | Beneficial in some instances | Beneficial in some instances | Not recommended | Not recommended | Uncertain |
Glucosamine or chondroitin | Beneficial in some instances | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Uncertain |
Bracing* | Recommend | Uncertain | Uncertain | Beneficial in some instances | Recommend |
Arthroscopic lavage | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended | Not recommended |
Note: AAOS = American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, ACR = American College of Rheumatology, EULAR = European League Against Rheumatism, NICE = National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, NSAIDs = nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, OARSI = Osteoarthritis Research Society International.
Used with permission from: Johal H, Tahira D, Schemitsch EH, et al. Viscosupplementation in knee osteoarthritis: evidence revisited. JBJS Rev 2016;4:e11–111.
↵* Entry added by the authors.