Predictors of de novo acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease by Cox regression model among propensity score–matched patients with acute critical illness compared with those without
| Variable | Acute kidney injury | Chronic kidney disease | End-stage renal disease | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |
| Critical illness | 2.65 (1.62–4.32) | 2.92 (1.79–4.78) | 1.72 (1.50–1.98) | 1.81 (1.57–2.09) | 3.49 (2.43–5.01) | 3.61 (2.50–5.20) |
| Age (per 1-year increase) | 1.03 (1.01–1.04) | 1.02 (1.00–1.04) | 1.03 (1.03–1.04) | 1.02 (1.02–1.03) | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) |
| Sex (women v. men) | 0.76 (0.49–1.20) | 0.86 (0.54–1.37) | 1.17 (1.02–1.35) | 1.36 (1.17–1.57) | 0.65 (0.48–0.90) | 0.87 (0.63–1.21) |
| CCI score | ||||||
| 0 | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) | 1 (Reference) |
| 1 | 1.04 (0.64–1.69) | 0.93 (0.55–1.58) | 1.22 (1.05–1.41) | 0.91 (0.77–1.07) | 0.78 (0.56–1.09) | 0.92 (0.64–1.31) |
| 2 or more | 1.41 (0.71–2.79) | 1.04 (0.50–2.19) | 1.38 (1.11–1.71) | 0.86 (0.68–1.09) | 0.59 (0.32–1.11) | 0.66 (0.34–1.28) |
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Diabetes | 2.89 (1.80–4.64) | 2.68 (1.62–4.44) | 3.00 (2.59–3.47) | 2.50 (2.14–2.92) | 10.1 (7.26–14.0) | 8.32 (5.83–11.9) |
| Cirrhosis | 1.06 (0.63–1.77) | 1.01 (0.59–1.72) | 1.14 (0.97–1.33) | 0.99 (0.84–1.16) | 1.17 (0.82–1.67) | 0.94 (0.66–1.36) |
| Hypertension | 2.48 (1.49–4.13) | 1.67 (0.93–3.00) | 3.07 (2.60–3.62) | 1.93 (1.60–2.32) | 2.81 (1.95–4.06) | 1.98 (1.29–3.04) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1.12 (0.68–1.84) | 0.73 (0.43–1.25) | 1.70 (1.47–1.96) | 1.11 (0.95–1.29) | 2.40 (1.75–3.29) | 1.14 (0.81–1.60) |
| Coronary artery disease | 1.33 (0.83–2.12) | 0.79 (0.46–1.33) | 1.62 (1.41–1.87) | 0.94 (0.80–1.09) | 1.14 (0.81–1.60) | 0.80 (0.55–1.16) |
| CHF | 3.36 (1.96–5.77) | 2.91 (1.59–5.33) | 2.25 (1.86–2.72) | 1.58 (1.29–1.93) | 1.98 (1.25–3.14) | 2.23 (1.35–3.66) |
| COPD | 1.09 (0.64–1.85) | 0.75 (0.42–1.34) | 1.55 (1.34–1.80) | 1.10 (0.93–1.29) | 0.55 (0.34–0.88) | 0.58 (0.35–0.95) |
| Cancer | 2.32 (1.11–4.84) | 2.06 (0.97–4.37) | 1.07 (0.79–1.47) | 1.02 (0.75–1.40) | 0.73 (0.30–1.78) | 0.84 (0.34–2.06) |
| Admission to ICU | 1.15 (0.63–2.09) | 0.47 (0.19–1.13) | 1.01 (0.83–1.22) | 0.91 (0.72–1.15) | 0.74 (0.45–1.22) | 0.54 (0.28–1.01) |
| Mechanical ventilation | 2.66 (1.44–4.94)‡ | 4.67 (1.86–11.7)‡ | 1.12 (0.86–1.46) | 1.20 (0.87–1.66) | 1.09 (0.57–2.07) | 2.00 (0.89–4.49) |
Note: CCI = Charlson Comorbidity Index, CHF = congestive heart failure, CI = confidence interval, COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, HR = hazard ratio, ICU = intensive care unit.