Baseline characteristics and symptoms in children tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection
| Variable | No. (%) in patients with positive SARS-CoV-2 swab* n = 1987 | No. (%) in patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 swab* n = 476 | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Unadjusted positive LR for SARS-CoV-2 infection (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristic | ||||
| Age, yr; mean ± SD | 9.3 ± 5.2 | 8.5 ± 5.3 | NA | NA |
| Age 0–4 yr | 458 (23.0) | 143 (30.0) | 0.70 (0.56–0.87) | 0.77 (0.65–0.90) |
| Age 5–12 yr | 849 (42.7) | 199 (41.8) | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) | 1.02 (0.91–1.15) |
| Age 13–17 yr | 680 (34.2) | 134 (28.2) | 1.33 (1.07–1.65) | 1.22 (1.04–1.42) |
| Male sex | 989 (49.8) | 254 (53.4) | 0.87 (0.71–1.06) | 0.93 (0.85–1.03) |
| Symptom | ||||
| Anosmia/ageusia | 153 (7.7) | 5 (1.1) | 7.86 (3.21–19.26) | 7.33 (3.03–17.76) |
| Nausea/vomiting | 69 (3.5) | Suppressed as count < 5 | 5.67 (1.78–18.10) | 5.51 (1.74–17.43) |
| Headache | 312 (15.7) | 30 (6.3) | 2.77 (1.88–4.09) | 2.49 (1.74–3.57) |
| Decreased appetite/anorexia | 75 (3.8) | 10 (2.1) | 1.83 (0.94–3.56) | 1.80 (0.94–3.45) |
| Sneezing | 132 (6.6) | 18 (3.8) | 1.81 (1.09–2.99) | 1.76 (1.08–2.85) |
| Fever or feverish chills | 506 (25.5) | 72 (15.1) | 1.92 (1.46–2.51) | 1.68 (1.34–2.11) |
| Muscle/joint pain (myalgia, arthralgia, muscular or joint pain) | 56 (2.8) | 8 (1.7) | 1.70 (0.80–3.58) | 1.68 (0.80–3.49) |
| Malaise | 165 (8.3) | 25 (5.3) | 1.63 (1.06–2.52) | 1.58 (1.05–2.38) |
| Nasal congestion | 241 (12.1) | 46 (9.7) | 1.29 (0.93–1.80) | 1.26 (0.93–1.69) |
| Fatigue | 31 (1.6) | 6 (1.3) | 1.24 (0.51–2.99) | 1.24 (0.52–2.95) |
| Difficulty breathing/dyspnea | 31 (1.6) | 6 (1.3) | 1.24 (0.51–2.99) | 1.24 (0.52–2.95) |
| Sore throat | 311 (15.7) | 67 (14.1) | 1.13 (0.85–1.51) | 1.11 (0.87–1.42) |
| Diarrhea | 57 (2.9) | 13 (2.7) | 1.05 (0.57–1.94) | 1.05 (0.58–1.90) |
| Cough | 486 (24.5) | 121 (25.4) | 0.95 (0.75–1.20) | 0.96 (0.81–1.14) |
| Rhinorrhea | 383 (19.3) | 105 (22.1) | 0.84 (0.66–1.08) | 0.87 (0.72–1.06) |
| Chest pain | 15 (0.8) | Suppressed as count < 5 | NA | NA |
| Conjunctivitis | 11 (0.6) | Suppressed as count < 5 | NA | NA |
| Asymptomatic | 714 (35.9) | 211 (44.3) | 0.70 (0.58–0.86) | 0.81 (0.72–0.91) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, NA = not applicable, LR = likelihood ratio, OR = odds ratio, SARS-CoV-2 = severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SD = standard deviation.
↵* Unless specified otherwise.