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Individual and social determinants of SARS-CoV-2 testing and positivity in Ontario, Canada: a population-wide study
Maria E. Sundaram, Andrew Calzavara, Sharmistha Mishra, Rafal Kustra, Adrienne K. Chan, Mackenzie A. Hamilton, Mohamed Djebli, Laura C. Rosella, Tristan Watson, Hong Chen, Branson Chen, Stefan D. Baral and Jeffrey C. Kwong
CMAJ May 17, 2021 193 (20) E723-E734; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.202608
Maria E. Sundaram
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
PhDAndrew Calzavara
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
MSSharmistha Mishra
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
MD PhDRafal Kustra
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
PhDAdrienne K. Chan
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
MDMackenzie A. Hamilton
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
BSMohamed Djebli
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
BSLaura C. Rosella
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
PhDTristan Watson
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
MPHHong Chen
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
PhDBranson Chen
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
MScStefan D. Baral
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
MDJeffrey C. Kwong
ICES Central (Sundaram, Calzavara, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, B. Chen, Kwong); Department of Medicine (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Mishra, Chan); Institute of Medical Science (Mishra); Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Kustra, Chan, Hamilton, Djebli, Rosella, Watson, H. Chen, Kwong); Department of Statistical Sciences (Kustra); and Department of Family and Community Medicine (Kwong), University of Toronto; MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions (Mishra), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto; Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre (Chan); Public Health Ontario (Kwong, H. Chen); University Health Network (Kwong), Toronto, Ont.; Department of Epidemiology (Baral), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
MDData supplements
Online appendix
Related Articles
- Sundaram, M. E., Calzavara, A., Mishra, S., Kustra, R., Chan, A. K., Hamilton, M. A., Djebli, M., Rosella, L. C., Watson, T., Chen, H., Chen, B., Baral, S. D., & Kwong, J. C. (2021). Déterminants individuels et sociaux du test de dépistage du SRAS-CoV-2 et de l’obtention d’un résultat positif en Ontario, au Canada: une étude populationnelle. CMAJ, 193(32), E1261-E1276. Accessed July 08, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.202608-f.
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Individual and social determinants of SARS-CoV-2 testing and positivity in Ontario, Canada: a population-wide study
Maria E. Sundaram, Andrew Calzavara, Sharmistha Mishra, Rafal Kustra, Adrienne K. Chan, Mackenzie A. Hamilton, Mohamed Djebli, Laura C. Rosella, Tristan Watson, Hong Chen, Branson Chen, Stefan D. Baral, Jeffrey C. Kwong
CMAJ May 2021, 193 (20) E723-E734; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.202608
Individual and social determinants of SARS-CoV-2 testing and positivity in Ontario, Canada: a population-wide study
Maria E. Sundaram, Andrew Calzavara, Sharmistha Mishra, Rafal Kustra, Adrienne K. Chan, Mackenzie A. Hamilton, Mohamed Djebli, Laura C. Rosella, Tristan Watson, Hong Chen, Branson Chen, Stefan D. Baral, Jeffrey C. Kwong
CMAJ May 2021, 193 (20) E723-E734; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.202608
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