Research
Use of sodium–glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and risk of acute kidney injury in older adults with diabetes: a population-based cohort study
Carina Iskander, David Z. Cherney, Kristin K. Clemens, Stephanie N. Dixon, Ziv Harel, Nivethika Jeyakumar, Eric McArthur, Flory Tsobo Muanda, Chirag R. Parikh, J. Michael Paterson, Navdeep Tangri, Jacob A. Udell, Ron Wald and Amit X. Garg
CMAJ April 06, 2020 192 (14) E351-E360; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.191283
Carina Iskander
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MScDavid Z. Cherney
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD PhDKristin K. Clemens
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD MScStephanie N. Dixon
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
PhDZiv Harel
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDNivethika Jeyakumar
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MScEric McArthur
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MScFlory Tsobo Muanda
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD PhDChirag R. Parikh
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD PhDJ. Michael Paterson
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MScNavdeep Tangri
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD PhDJacob A. Udell
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDRon Wald
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MDAmit X. Garg
Departments of Epidemiology and Biostatistics (Iskander, Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, Muanda, Garg), and Medicine (Clemens, Garg), Western University, London, Ont.; Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology (Cherney), Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto; Department of Physiology, and Banting and Best Diabetes Centre (Cherney), University of Toronto; Division of Nephrology (Harel, Wald), St. Michael’s Hospital; Faculty of Medicine (Udell), University of Toronto; Cardiovascular Division (Udell), Department of Medicine and Women’s College Research Institute, Women’s College Hospital, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto, Ont.; ICES (Clemens, Dixon, Jeyakumar, McArthur, Muanda, Paterson, Garg), London, Ont.; Division of Nephrology (Parikh), School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Md.; Department of Internal Medicine (Tangri), Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba; Seven Oaks General Hospital (Tangri), Chronic Disease Innovation Centre, Winnipeg, Man.
MD PhD