Poole et al. (8) | Mucolytic agents for chronic bronchitis or COPD | Admission | Respiratory |
Walters et al. (9) | Systemic corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of COPD | Cause-specific readmission | Respiratory |
Barr et al. (10) | Tiotropium v. ipratropium, salmeterol or placebo for stable COPD | Cause-specific admission | Respiratory |
Ducharme et al. (11) | Addition of long-acting β2-agonists to inhaled corticosteroids for chronic asthma (adults and children) | Cause-specific admission | Respiratory |
Cates et al. (12) | Salmeterol for chronic asthma (adults and children) | Admission | Respiratory |
Nannini et al. (13) | Combined fluticasone + salmeterol v. fluticasone for COPD | Cause-specific admission | Respiratory |
Nannini et al. (14) | Combined fluticasone + salmeterol v. salmeterol for COPD | Cause-specific admission | Respiratory |
Spencer et al. (15) | Long-acting β2-agonists v. inhaled corticosteroids for COPD | Cause-specific admission | Respiratory |
Cates et al. (16) | Combined budesonide + formoterol v. terbutaline to relieve chronic asthma | Cause-specific admission | Respiratory |
Cates et al. (17) | Single inhaler therapy v. current best practice for chronic asthma (adults and children) | Cause-specific admission | Respiratory |
Welsh et al. (18) | Formoterol v. short-acting β2-agonists to relieve asthma (adults and children) | Cause-specific admission | Respiratory |
Karner et al. (19) | Tiotropium + inhaled corticosteroid + long-acting β2-agonist v. tiotropium + placebo for COPD | Admission | Respiratory |
Abba et al. (20) | Albendazole in neurocysticercosis (adults and children) | Admission | Infectious |
Walters et al. (21) | Pneumococcal vaccine in COPD | Admission | Infectious |
Poole et al. (22) | Influenca vaccine in COPD | Admission | Infectious |
Soares-Weiser et al. (23) | Rotavirus vaccination for preventing diarrhea (children) | Cause-specific admission | Infectious |
Grimwade et al. (24) | Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for opportunistic infections in HIV | Admission | Infectious |
Grimwade et al. (25) | Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis for opportunistic infections in HIV (children) | Admission | Infectious |
Meremikwu et al. (26) | Chemoprophylaxis and intermittent treatment for preventing malaria (children) | Admission | Infectious |
Kabra et al. (27) | Chloramphenicol v. penicillin + gentamicin for community-acquired pneumonia (children) | Readmission | Infectious |
Lucero et al. (28) | Pneumococcal conjugate vaccination v. placebo or other vaccination (children) | Admission | Infectious |
Thomas et al. (29) | Offer of influenza vaccine for health care workers who work with older adults | Admission | Infectious |
Graves et al. (30) | SPf66 vaccine for preventing malaria (children) | Admission | Infectious |
Okebe et al. (31) comparison A | Iron supplements + antimalarial treatment in malaria-endemic areas (children) | Admission | Infectious |
Okebe et al. (31) comparison B | Iron supplements + folic acid in malaria-endemic areas (children) | Admission | Infectious |
Okebe et al. (31) comparison C | Iron supplements for proven malaria (children) | Admission | Infectious |
Okebe et al. (31) comparison D | Iron supplements in malaria-endemic areas (children) | Admission | Infectious |
Soares-Weiser et al. (32) comparison A | RotaTeq to prevent rotavirus diarrhea (children) | Cause-specific admission | Infectious |
Soares-Weiser et al. (32) comparison B | Rotarix to prevent rotavirus diarrhea (children) | Cause-specific admission | Infectious |
Humphreys et al. (33) comparison A | Cotrimoxazole to prevent diarrhea in children with HIV or exposure to maternal HIV | Cause-specific admission | Infectious |
Humphreys et al. (33) comparison B | Vitamin A to prevent diarrhea in children with HIV | Cause-specific admission | Infectious |
Phelps et al. (34) | d-Penicillamine to prevent retinopathy of prematurity in infants born preterm | Readmission | Neonatal |
Halliday et al. (35) | Late postnatal corticosteroids for chronic lung disease in infants born preterm | Readmission | Neonatal |
Halliday et al. (36) | Early postnatal corticosteroids to prevent chronic lung disease in infants born preterm | Readmission | Neonatal |
Stewart et al. (37) | Thiazide with spironolactone in infants born preterm with (or developing) chronic lung disease | Cause-specific readmission | Neonatal |
Ryan et al. (38) | Inhaled antipseudomonal antibiotic for long-term therapy in cystic fibrosis (adults and children) | Admission | Infectious |
Roderick et al. (39) | Bicarbonate for correction of chronic metabolic acidosis in chronic kidney disease | Admission | Other |
Baldwin et al. (40) | Dietary advice plus nutritional supplements v. dietary advice for disease-related malnutrition | Admission or Readmission | Other |
Cohen et al. (41) | Antibiotic prophylaxis for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis with ascites without gastrointestinal bleeding | Readmission | Infectious |
Komossa et al. (42) | Olanzapine v. clozapine for schizophrenia | Readmission | Other |
Ngo et al. (43) | Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents for anemia in chronic heart failure | Cause-specific admission | Other |
Baumeister et al. (44) | Pharmacological interventions for depression in coronary artery disease | Admission | Other |
Imdad et al. (45) | Vitamin A for preventing morbidity and death (children) | Admission | Other |
Hofmeyr et al. (46) | Transcervical amnioinfusion for intrapartum umbilical cord compression | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Duley et al. (47) | Diazepam v. magnesium sulfate for eclampsia | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Duley et al. (48) | Phenytoin v. magnesium sulfate for eclampsia | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
King et al. (49) | Prophylactic antibiotics for inhibiting preterm labour with intact membranes | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Makrides et al. (50) | Magnesium supplementation in pregnancy | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Abalos et al. (51) comparison A | Any antihypertensive agent for mild to moderate hypertension in pregnancy | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Abalos et al. (51) comparison B | Any antihypertensive agent v. methyldopa for mild to moderate hypertension in pregnancy | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Alfirevic et al. (52)† | Oxytocin for cervical ripening and induction of labour | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Dodd et al. (53) | Betamimetics for maintenance therapy after threatened preterm labour | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Crowther et al. (54) | Repeat doses v. single course of prenatal corticosteroids for women at risk of preterm birth | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Rumbold et al. (55) | Any vitamin supplementation to prevent miscarriage | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Rumbold et al. (56) | Any antioxidants to prevent preeclampsia | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Roberts et al. (57) | Antenatal corticosteroids to accelerate fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Peña-Rosas et al. (58) | Iron supplementation in pregnancy | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Buppasiri et al. (59) | Calcium supplementation (other than to prevent or treat hypertension) in pregnancy | Admission | Maternal–fetal |
Hood et al. (60) | Digitalis for congestive heart failure in patients in sinus rhythm | Admission | Cardiovascular |
Martin-Rendon et al. (61) | Stem cell treatment for acute myocardial infarction | Readmission | Cardiovascular |
Martí-Carvajal et al. (62) | Homocysteine lowering to prevent cardiovascular events | Cause-specific admission | Cardiovascular |