Guidelines
Canadian Cardiovascular Harmonized National Guidelines Endeavour (C-CHANGE): 2014 update
Sheldon W. Tobe, James A. Stone, Kimberly M. Walker, Todd Anderson, Onil Bhattacharyya, Alice Y.Y. Cheng, Jean Gregoire, Gord Gubitz, Mary L’Abbé, David C.W. Lau, Lawrence A. Leiter, Paul Oh, Raj Padwal, Luc Poirier, Peter Selby, Mark Tremblay, Richard A. Ward, Diane Hua and Peter P. Liu; for the C-CHANGE Initiative
CMAJ November 18, 2014 186 (17) 1299-1305; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.140387
Sheldon W. Tobe
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDJames A. Stone
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MD PhDKimberly M. Walker
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MPHTodd Anderson
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDOnil Bhattacharyya
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MD PhDAlice Y.Y. Cheng
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDJean Gregoire
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDGord Gubitz
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDMary L’Abbé
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
PhDDavid C.W. Lau
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDLawrence A. Leiter
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDPaul Oh
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDRaj Padwal
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDLuc Poirier
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MScPeter Selby
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDMark Tremblay
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
PhDRichard A. Ward
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MDDiane Hua
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
MPHPeter P. Liu
Division of Nephrology (Tobe), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Stone), University of Calgary, Cardiac Wellness Institute of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; University Health Network, Toronto General Hospital (Walker), Toronto, Ont.; Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta (Anderson), University of Calgary Calgary Alta.; Women’s College Hospital (Bhattacharrya), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Cheng), St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Institut de cardiologie de Montréal (Gregoire), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Que.; Division of Neurology (Gubitz), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS.; Department of Nutritional Sciences (L’Abbé), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism (Lau), Julia McFarlane Diabetes Research Centre, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alta.; Keenan Research Centre (Leiter), Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Toronto Rehabilitation Institute (Oh), University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; Departments of Clinical Epidemiology and Pharmacology, and Division of General Internal Medicine (Padwal), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta.; Département de pharmacie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec et Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Que.; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, the Departments of Family and Community Medicine, and Psychiatry, and Dalla Lana School of Public Health (Selby), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont.; The Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute (Tremblay), Ottawa, Ont.; the Department of Family Medicine (Ward), University of Calgary, Alta.; Sunnybrook Research Institute (Hua) Toronto, Ont.; University of Ottawa Heart Institute (Liu), Ottawa, Ont.
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- (2014). Highlights. CMAJ, 186(17), 1271. Accessed August 07, 2024. Retrieved from http://www.cmaj.ca/content/186/17/1271.
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Canadian Cardiovascular Harmonized National Guidelines Endeavour (C-CHANGE): 2014 update
Sheldon W. Tobe, James A. Stone, Kimberly M. Walker, Todd Anderson, Onil Bhattacharyya, Alice Y.Y. Cheng, Jean Gregoire, Gord Gubitz, Mary L’Abbé, David C.W. Lau, Lawrence A. Leiter, Paul Oh, Raj Padwal, Luc Poirier, Peter Selby, Mark Tremblay, Richard A. Ward, Diane Hua, Peter P. Liu
CMAJ Nov 2014, 186 (17) 1299-1305; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.140387
Canadian Cardiovascular Harmonized National Guidelines Endeavour (C-CHANGE): 2014 update
Sheldon W. Tobe, James A. Stone, Kimberly M. Walker, Todd Anderson, Onil Bhattacharyya, Alice Y.Y. Cheng, Jean Gregoire, Gord Gubitz, Mary L’Abbé, David C.W. Lau, Lawrence A. Leiter, Paul Oh, Raj Padwal, Luc Poirier, Peter Selby, Mark Tremblay, Richard A. Ward, Diane Hua, Peter P. Liu
CMAJ Nov 2014, 186 (17) 1299-1305; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.140387
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