Article Figures & Tables
Tables
- Table 1:
Baseline characteristics of participants according to whether they received seasonal influenza vaccine during pregnancy
Characteristic Missing data, no. (%) Vaccination status; no. of women Vaccination rate, % p value* No vaccine
n = 10 265Vaccine
n = 1 958Age, yr 0 0.7 < 20 598 114 16.0 20–29 4 935 920 15.7 30–34 3 059 584 16.0 ≥ 35 1 673 340 16.9 Body mass index 2 378 (19.5) 0.5 < 18.5 (underweight) 414 71 14.6 18.5–24.9 (normal) 3 964 812 17.0 25–29.9 (overweight) 1 900 384 16.8 ≥ 30 (obese) 1 900 400 17.4 Marital status 645 (5.3) 0.003 Married or common law 6 947 1 421 17.0 Single, widowed or divorced 2 739 471 14.7 Education level 6 155 (50.4) 0.1 1–3 (high school or technical college) 1 920 498 20.6 4–7 (postsecondary or higher) 2 955 695 19.0 Location of residence 0 0.02 Urban 7 417 1 362 15.5 Rural 2 848 596 17.3 Neighbourhood income 986 (8.1) 0.03 Lowest quintile (1), (2) 3 837 686 15.2 Highest quintile (3)– (5) 5 591 1 123 16.7 Smoking during pregnancy 92 (0.8) < 0.001 No 7 951 1 607 16.8 Yes 2 228 345 13.4 Parity 0 0.01 0 4 706 959 16.9 ≥ 1 5 559 999 15.2 Season of delivery 0 0.02 November 2010–March 2011 2 868 575 16.7 April–October 2011 4 532 796 14.9 November–March 2012 2 865 587 17.0 Maternal risk status† 0 < 0.001 Low 8 037 1 460 15.4 High 2 228 498 18.3 Previous pregnancy loss 124 (1.0) 0.5 No 10 017 1 923 16.1 Yes (≥ 1) 137 22 13.8 ≥ 1 child at home aged < 5 yr 0 0.7 No 6 318 1 213 16.1 Yes 3 947 745 15.9 Gestational diabetes 0 0.8 No 9 754 1 864 16.0 Yes 511 94 15.5 Gestational hypertension 0 0.1 No 10 110 1 938 16.1 Yes 155 20 11.4 Pre-existing hypertension 0 0.2 No 10 151 1 943 16.1 Yes 114 15 11.6 Any psychiatric condition 0 0.02 No 9 148 1 710 15.7 Yes 1 117 248 18.2 No. of fetuses 0 0.7 1 10 093 1 928 16.0 ≥ 2 172 30 14.9 Sex of infant 0 0.7 Female 5 024 968 16.2 Male 5 241 990 15.9 - Table 3:
Association between neonatal outcomes among singleton liveborn infants (n = 11 293) and mother’s receipt of seasonal influenza vaccine during pregnancy
Outcome Maternal vaccination status; no. (%) of infants Effect of vaccine (v. no vaccine) No vaccine
n = 9437*Vaccine
n = 1856*Unadjusted OR (95% CI) Adjusted OR† (95% CI) Preterm birth (< 37 wk) 617 (6.5) 92 (5.0) 0.75 (0.60–0.93) 0.75 (0.60–0.94) Low birth weight (< 2500 g) 461 (4.9) 65 (3.5) 0.71 (0.54–0.92) 0.73 (0.56–0.95) Low birth weight at term 160 (1.7) 26 (1.4) 0.82 (0.54–1.25) 0.85 (0.56–1.29) Small-for-gestational age (< 10th percentile) 749 (8.0) 138 (7.5) 0.93 (0.77–1.12) 0.96 (0.79–1.16) Composite neonatal morbidity variable‡ 441 (4.7) 95 (5.1) 1.10 (0.88–1.38) 1.06 (0.85–1.34) Note: CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio.
↵* Numbers exclude infants whose mothers had missing values for adjustment covariates in the model.
↵† Adjusted for maternal age, high-risk status, smoking during pregnancy, marital status, parity and location of residence.
↵‡ Includes neonatal death, asphyxia, sepsis, low Apgar score at 5 min, moderate or severe respiratory distress syndrome, intraventricular hemorrhage and acute necrotizing enterecolitis.