Original Articles
Adjustment for continuous confounders: an example of how to prevent residual confounding
Rolf H.H. Groenwold, Olaf H. Klungel, Douglas G. Altman, Yolanda van der Graaf, Arno W. Hoes and Karel G.M. Moons
CMAJ February 11, 2013 cmaj.120592; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.120592
Rolf H.H. Groenwold
From the Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology (Groenwold, Klungel), Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University; the Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care (Groenwold, Klungel, van der Graaf, Hoes, Moons), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; and the Centre for Statistics in Medicine (Altman), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Olaf H. Klungel
From the Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology (Groenwold, Klungel), Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University; the Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care (Groenwold, Klungel, van der Graaf, Hoes, Moons), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; and the Centre for Statistics in Medicine (Altman), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Douglas G. Altman
From the Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology (Groenwold, Klungel), Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University; the Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care (Groenwold, Klungel, van der Graaf, Hoes, Moons), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; and the Centre for Statistics in Medicine (Altman), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Yolanda van der Graaf
From the Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology (Groenwold, Klungel), Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University; the Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care (Groenwold, Klungel, van der Graaf, Hoes, Moons), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; and the Centre for Statistics in Medicine (Altman), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Arno W. Hoes
From the Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology (Groenwold, Klungel), Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University; the Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care (Groenwold, Klungel, van der Graaf, Hoes, Moons), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; and the Centre for Statistics in Medicine (Altman), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Karel G.M. Moons
From the Division of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology (Groenwold, Klungel), Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University; the Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care (Groenwold, Klungel, van der Graaf, Hoes, Moons), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands; and the Centre for Statistics in Medicine (Altman), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
In this issue
Article tools
Adjustment for continuous confounders: an example of how to prevent residual confounding
Rolf H.H. Groenwold, Olaf H. Klungel, Douglas G. Altman, Yolanda van der Graaf, Arno W. Hoes, Karel G.M. Moons
CMAJ Feb 2013, cmaj.120592; DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.120592
Related Articles
Cited By...
- Emulating a target trial to assess effect modification: an application to obesity in the comparative effectiveness and safety of apixaban versus warfarin in non-valvular atrial fibrillation using electronic health records
- Omicron Subvariants: Clinical, Laboratory, and Cell Culture Characterization
- Effectiveness of Primary and Booster COVID-19 mRNA Vaccination against Infection Caused by the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant in People with a Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection
- Nonresponse adjustment using clinical and perioperative patient characteristics is critical for understanding post-discharge opioid consumption
- Coronary heart disease and stroke in the Sami and non-Sami populations in rural Northern and Mid Norway--the SAMINOR Study
- Predictive Modelling of The Dynamic Patterns of Thinking in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Diagnostic Accuracy of Spatiotemporal Fractal Measures
- Estimating the effects of second-line therapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus: retrospective cohort study